Furthermore, the particularly close link in recent English society between speech, especially accents, and social class and values has made local dialect a hindrance to upward social mobility." It has been drummed into people-often in school, and certainly in society at large-that dialect speech is incorrect, impure, vulgar, clumsy, ugly, careless, shoddy, ignorant, and altogether inferior. I have personally known those who would avoid, or could never enjoy, a conversation with a stranger, because they were literally too ashamed to open their mouths. In his work on the dialect of Bolton, Graham Shorrocks wrote Īs well as pride in one's accent, there is also stigma placed on many traditional working class dialects. It is impossible for an Englishman to open his mouth without making some other Englishman hate or despise him. However, accents and dialects also highlight social class differences, rivalries or other associated prejudices-as illustrated by George Bernard Shaw's comment: There are many different accents and dialects throughout England and people are often very proud of their local accent or dialect.
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